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Table of Contents
Biography of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
| Full Name | Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy |
| Father’s Name |
Prakash Chandra Roy
|
| Mother’s Name | Aghori Kamini Devi |
| Birth Year | 1 July 1882, Patna, Bihar |
| Death Year | 1 July 1962, Kolkata, West Bengal |
- Born: 1 July 1882, Patna. Bihar
- Death: 1 July 1962, Kolkata, West Bengal
- Field of work: Doctor, politician, freedom fighter
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy was a renowned physician, educationist, freedom fighter, and politician. He was the Chief Minister of West Bengal from 1948 to 1962 after the independence of the country. He is considered the creator of Bengal based on the work done for the development of West Bengal.
Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy established five new cities in West Bengal – Durgapur, Kalyani, Bidhannagar, Ashoknagar, and Habra. His name is among the few who got MRCP. And F.R.C.S. Simultaneously and completed in two years and 3 months. His birthday 1 July is celebrated as Doctor’s Day in India. Considering his services to the country and society, the Government of India honored him with the country’s highest civilian honor Bharat Ratna in the year 1961.
The early life of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
Bidhan Chandra Roy was born on 1 July 1882 in Patna district of Bihar. His father’s name was Prakash Chandra Roy and his mother’s name was Aghora Kamini Devi. Bidhan passed the matriculation examination in 1897 from the Collegiate School in Patna. He did his intermediate from Presidency College in Calcutta and then BA with honors in Mathematics from Patna College. did.
After this, he applied for admission to Bengal Engineering College and Calcutta Medical College. He was selected in both institutions but decided to attend a medical college and moved to Calcutta in 1901. Bidhan went through a very difficult time in medical college.
When he was in his first year, his father retired from the post of deputy collector and was unable to send money to Bidhan. In such a difficult time, Bidhan lived with scholarship and frugality. Since he did not have enough money to buy books, he used to complete his studies by taking notes from others and books from the college library.
When the Legislative College was in place, the British government decided to partition Bengal. The decision to partition Bengal was strongly opposed and nationalist leaders like Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Prajit Sengupta, and Bipin Chandra Pal were running it. Bidhan also wanted to join this movement but he explained his mind and focused on studies so that he could serve the country better by becoming the topper in his profession.
The career of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
After his medical studies, Bidhan was appointed to the State Health Service. Here he worked with dedication and hard work. He did not consider any work related to his profession to be small. She also played the role of a nurse when needed. He used to do private medicine in the remaining free time.
In 1909, MRCP at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital with only Rs. And F.R.C.S. Bidhan left for England. The Dean of the college was not in favor of admitting any Asian student, so he rejected his application but Bidhan was also in tune, so he applied for the application and finally got admission after 30 applications.
In 2 years and three months, he did M.R.C.P. And F.R.C.S. Completed and returned to the country in 1911. After coming back, he worked at Calcutta Medical College, Campbell Medical School, and Carmichael Medical College.
According to Dr. Roy, real swaraj can come in the country only when the countrymen are healthy from both body and mind. He contributed to many institutions related to medical education. He is a member of Jadavpur T.B. Established the hospital, Chittaranjan Seva Sadan, Kamala Nehru Hospital, Victoria Institute, and Chittaranjan Cancer Hospital.
Establishment of Chittaranjan Seva Sadan
In 1926, he also established the Chittaranjan Seva Sadan. Initially, women hesitated to come here but due to the hard work of Dr. Bidhan and his team women from all communities started coming here. She also established a women’s training center for nursing and social service.
In 1942, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy was appointed Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta. During the Second World War, he was successful in maintaining education and medical system in Kolkata even under such difficult conditions. He was awarded the title of Doctor of Science for his outstanding services.
Dr. Roy believed that it is the youth who decide the future of the country, so they should work hard to develop themselves and the country, leaving the strike and fasting.
The political life of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
He entered politics in the year 1923 and defeated an independent candidate Surendranath Banerjee in the election as an independent candidate from Barrackpore constituency. In the year 1925, he also proposed in the Legislative Assembly a solution related to increasing pollution in the Hooghly River and its prevention.
In 1928, Dr. Roy was elected a member of the All India Congress Committee. He kept himself away from the politics of rivalry and struggle and remained dear to everyone. In 1929, he efficiently organized the Civil Disobedience Movement in Bengal and was elected to the Congress Working Committee. The government declared the Congress Working Committee illegal and arrested all the members including Dr. Roy and put him in jail.
During the Dandi March in 1931, many members of Kolkata Municipal Corporation were in jail, so the Congress party asked Dr. Roy to stay out of jail and conduct the affairs of the corporation smoothly. He was elected Mayor of the Corporation in 1933. Under his leadership, the corporation made a lot of progress in the field of free education, free healthcare, better roads, better lighting, and better water distribution, etc.
After Independence
After independence, the Congress Party suggested Dr. Roy’s name for the post of Chief Minister of Bengal but he wanted to concentrate on his medical profession. On Gandhiji’s persuasion, he accepted the position and became the Chief Minister of Bengal on 23 January 1948. When Dr. Roy became the Chief Minister of Bengal, the situation in the state was absolutely critical.
The state was vulnerable to communal violence. Along with this, food shortages, unemployment, and the large number of refugees coming from East Pakistan were also caused for concern. With his hard work, he established law and order in the state in almost three years and also controlled other problems to a great extent.
The Government of India honored him with the country’s highest civilian honor Bharat Ratna on 4 February 1961 for his outstanding service.
Death of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy
He died in Kolkata on 1 July 1962 on his 80th birthday. He donated his home to run a nursing home. The nursing home was named after his mother Aghorkamini Devi.
TimeLine (Life Events of Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy)
- 1882: Bidhan Chandra Rai was born on 1 July.
- 1896: His mother died.
- 1901: Leaving Patna and went to Calcutta to study at the Calcutta Medical College.
- 1909: He went to England to study at St. Bartholomew’s College.
- 1911: M.R.C.P. And F.R.C.S. Returned to India after completing.
- 1925: entry into active politics.
- 1925: Proposal related to pollution of Hooghly introduced in the Legislative Assembly.
- 1928: Selected in the All India Congress Committee.
- 1929: Organized the Civil Disobedience Movement in Bengal.
- 1930: Elected to Congress Working Committee.
- 1930: Arrested and sent to jail.
- 1942: He treated Mahatma Gandhi during the Quit India Movement.
- 1942: As Vice-Chancellor of Kolkata University, he maintained education and medical system during World War II.
- 1944: Awarded Doctor of Science.
- 1948: Held the Chief Minister of Bengal on 23 January.
- 1956: Speech at Lucknow University.
- 1961: Honored with the country’s highest civilian award Bharat Ratna on 4 February.
- 1962: went to heaven on 1 July.
- 1976: Dr. B.C. Roy National Award was established.
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