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Biography of Ram Prasad Bismil
| Full Name | Ram Prasad Bismil |
| Father’s Name |
Murlidhar
|
| Mother’s Name | Moolmati |
| Birth Year | 11 June 1897, Shahjahanpur |
| Death Year | 19 December 1927, Gorakhpur |
- Born: 11 June 1897, Shahjahanpur
- Death: 19 December 1927, Gorakhpur
- Work: Freedom fighter, poet, translator, polyglot
Whenever there is talk of great revolutionaries in India’s independence history, then this heroic son of Mother India will be mentioned. Ram Prasad Bismil was not only a great revolutionary but also a high-quality poet, poet, translator, multilingualism, and litterateur. With his bravery and wisdom, he woke up to the British rule and sacrificed his life at the age of 30 for the independence of India.
Apart from the surname Bismil, he also wrote articles and poems in the name of Rama and the unknown. Not knowing how many revolutionaries singing his famous composition Sarfaroshi’s Tamanna .. swung on the gallows for the freedom of the country. Ram Prasad Bismil shook the English empire by executing the Mainpuri case and the Kakori case.
During his revolutionary life of about 11 years, he wrote many books and published them himself. Almost all the books published during his lifetime were confiscated by the British Government.
The early life of Ram Prasad Bismil
Ram Prasad Bismil was born on 11 June 1897 in Shahjahanpur district of Uttar Pradesh. His father’s name was Muralidhar and his mother’s name was Moolmati. When Ram Prasad was seven years old, his father Pandit Muralidhar started teaching him Hindi letters at home.
Urdu was also dominated at that time, so along with Hindi education, the child was sent to a cleric to read Urdu. His father, Pandit Muralidhar, paid special attention to the education of Rama and he got beaten up for a little carelessness in the matter of studies.
He always used to come first in class till eighth grade, but due to lack of consistency, he failed in Urdu Middle Examination for two consecutive years. Due to this downfall of Ram Prasad, everyone felt very sad and after failing in the same exam twice, his mind also got up from studying Urdu. He then expressed his desire to read English.
His father was not in favor of teaching English but agreed at the behest of Ramprasad’s mother. After going to class IX, Ramprasad came in contact with Arya Samaj and after that, his life changed. He came in contact with Swami Somdev at Arya Samaj Temple Shahjahanpur.
When Ramprasad Bismil was 18, freedom fighter Bhai Parmanand was sentenced to death by the British government for his involvement in the Ghadar conspiracy (which was later commuted to life imprisonment and then released in 1920). On reading this news, Ramprasad was very upset and wrote a poem titled Mera Janma and showed it to Swami Somdev. In this poem, the commitment to liberate the country from English rule was seen.
After this, Ramprasad gave up studies and during the Lucknow session of the Congress in 1916, despite the opposition of the soft party of the Congress, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak organized a procession in the entire Lucknow city.
During this session, he met Keshav Baliram Hedgewar, Somdev Sharma and Mukundilal, etc. After this, with the help of some colleagues, he published a book called History of American Independence, which was banned by the Uttar Pradesh government as soon as it was published.
Mainpuri Conspiracy
Ramprasad Bismil established a revolutionary organization called Matradevi to fight against English imperialism and liberate the country. For this work, he enlisted the help of Gandiya Lal Dixit, Pandit of Auraiya. Swami Somdev wanted Ramprasad to be helped by an experienced person in this task, so he introduced him to Pandit Genda Lal.
Like Ramprasad Bismil, Panditji also established a revolutionary organization named Shivaji Samiti. Together, they organized youths from Etawah, Mainpuri, Agra, and Shahjahanpur districts to serve the country. In January 1918, Bismil published a pamphlet named Sandesh to the countrymen and began distributing it along with the promise of his poem Mainpuri. In 1918, he also committed robbery 3 times to strengthen his organization.
During the Delhi superannuation of the Congress in 1918, the police raided him and other members of his organization for selling banned literature, but Bismil managed to escape. After an encounter with the police, he jumped into the Yamuna and swam to the ravines of modern Greater Noida. In those ravages, there were only acacia trees in those days and humans did not look far and wide.
On the other hand, in the Mainpuri conspiracy case, the British judge, hearing the verdict, declared Bismil and Dixit as fugitives.
Ram Prasad Bismil took refuge in Rampur Jagir, a small village in Greater Noida, and roamed for many months in the deserted forests. During this time, he wrote his revolutionary novel, The Bolsheviks’ Handiwork, and also translated Hindi of the compound instrument.
After this, Bismil wandered for some time and in February 1920, when the government released all the detainees of the Mainpuri conspiracy, they too returned to Shahjahanpur.
He attended the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920 as an authorized representative of the Shahjahanpur Congress Committee. There he met Lala Lajpat Rai, who was very impressed with his books and introduced him to some publishers in Calcutta. Umaadatta Sharma, one of these publishers, later published a book Catharine by Ram Prasad Bismil in 1922.
In 1921, he attended the Ahmedabad session of the Congress and along with Maulana Hasrat Mohani was instrumental in getting the resolution of Purna Swaraj passed in the General Assembly of the Congress.
Returning to Shahjahanpur, he inspired people to participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement. When Gandhiji withdrew the non-cooperation movement after the Chauri Chaura incident, in the Gaya session of 1922, Bismil and his colleagues again formed two ideologies in the Congress – one liberal and the other rebellious.
Formation of HRA
In the Special Congress session of Delhi held in September 1923, disgruntled youth decided to form a revolutionary party. The well-known revolutionary Lala Hardayal, who was trying for the independence of the country by staying abroad in those days, wrote a letter to Ram Prasad Bismil and advised him to prepare the constitution of the new party by joining Shachindranath Sanyal and Yadu Gopal Mukherjee.
On October 3, 1924, a meeting of the Hindustan Republican Association was held in Kanpur in which many prominent members of Shachindranath Sanyal, Yogesh Chandra Chatterjee, and Ram Prasad Bismil attended. On 25 December 1924, a robbery was committed in Bamrauli to collect funds for the party.
Kakori Scandal
To fulfill the need of funds for the party’s work, Bismil planned to loot the government treasury and under his leadership, a total of 10 people (including Ashfaq Ulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Chandrashekhar Azad, Shacheendranath Bakshi, Manmathnath Gupta, Mukundi Lal, Keshav Chakraborty, Murari Sharma, and Banwari Lal, etc.) looted the government treasury on 9 August 1925 by stopping the train at Kakori station near Lucknow.
On 26 September 1925, along with Bismil, more than 40 people across the country were arrested in the Kakori robbery case.
Sentence to death of Ram prasad Bismil
Ramprasad Bismil was sentenced to death along with Ashfaq Ulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, and Roshan Singh. He was hanged in Gorakhpur jail on 19 December 1927.
When Ramprasad Bismil was hanged, thousands of people were waiting for his last darshan outside the jail. Thousands attended his funeral and his last rites were performed on the banks of Rapti with Vedic chants.
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Conclusion (निष्कर्ष)
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